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第1篇 电气工程图基础知识
第1章 常用电气图形符号和文字符号
1.1 常用电气图形符号
1.1.1 常用符号要素、限定符号和其他常用图形符号
(1)轮廓和外壳(见表1-1)
表1-1 轮廓和外壳
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-9FvTQT9PrSpFv8ezOXXh7qeeJr8eQpr3-0-353f88afae4cab06bc868cfab8c0229e)
(2)电流和电压的种类(见表1-2)
表1-2 电流和电压的种类
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-1fVXVbpuW5rVGhSQo403XSm23fKpy30L-0-a871b2bc9a4cffb9ab107f2ee8079737)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-9fiBuTaEXrGNqqwqtBe67NWFfMsgHviX-0-8b5d3555040d607aaa8209e23847420f)
(3)接地、接机壳和等电位(见表1-3)
表1-3 接地、接机壳和等电位
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-qspCxmeyuzy1200eQHtwKA934YZBdX80-0-4dae57d9ab7333e1636353dc84e761ed)
(4)理想电路元件(见表1-4)
表1-4 理想电路元件
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739618038-RdIDhFhdFS67vWT7pubrVkrLXu4g5Xgu-0-6a77886eba3a8cf0227475e1524220ee)
(5)其他常用符号(见表1-5)
表1-5 其他常用符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-tA09Dd2WLaSSjqYzbIETq116gn7vq6vN-0-69bfe27de95cd0b1dd820cba53f6d50b)
1.1.2 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
常用导线及连接器件图形符号见表1-6。
表1-6 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-P9bWcOzmnuJ8pTKFnoANzSOPF4WH2oOl-0-4eb62adcb756194676ba8233d54931a7)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-fTh4AsyHw2f3BQMBbCa79E6kt3ryz6qO-0-1f47dc802fe3726b568f93dea2fbd8a5)
1.1.3 常用电阻器、电容器和电感器图形符号
(1)常用电阻器图形符号(见表1-7)
表1-7 常用电阻器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-Nf5q9552yEA2cYdedLtVU8q5JwsT4nO2-0-03d51c698c88ed16ed3b9a6bca63b64b)
(2)常用电容器图形符号(见表1-8)
表1-8 常用电容器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-gHT0bo1qucDhxoVSmVsl3aYykR5Y3wXZ-0-f60649f8a89bcc91e5f84d448e1a7cdf)
(3)常用电感器图形符号(见表1-9)
表1-9 常用电感器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-F4lpVqPmcnf5AaIDZCMMeIzVLBE6dVJO-0-15739c24578aeaa2c043d1bbea447a78)
1.1.4 常用变压器图形符号
常用变压器图形符号见表1-10。
表1-10 常用变压器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-vWyCyVhl4GjVgykXiSrhhRO5QprqS8yU-0-5e7889bff4269b3a751ad45bab4336ab)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-TdOTPdMz9Y1b52W16d2V91rSJGO7KIOB-0-b512a817440963bd97007f87b456fa93)
1.1.5 常用电机图形符号
常用电机图形符号见表1-11。
表1-11 常用电机图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-ARlX27HnZXy1sxnCC51nTeIMNiOnOH8B-0-829a1ed2cb94d276d0ad1b4efb2cab18)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-nWZHjvr4KcY81oYScksPQOdwXhFO7rHH-0-9565debcfef948d8554a15170a1ca78d)
1.1.6 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号见表1-12。
表1-12 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-q9bJeWHJ3bivd66bsPtOXEbiT66pgnjJ-0-21ffd549db6b076b12323873fc27b02d)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-pe8P0IRQ9yyik5v77nIB7QfbksuSwghY-0-b2759d33546364783635f0723ebe7d3d)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-0U2w0H9nH68HLvvgTG9Edeq0txodVXm3-0-bbf8ae11eb8b0feae3b0a53f17cf3d84)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-CfjoFRPwkvhqS42BPlKeF6ORMAwYgLze-0-606f46e7592d0d3b73c8380018428b72)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/27_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-mruIYM6HwJoAx0IxnHSCz0JyvBgyH6Cg-0-a05414aae5777d63e960f7cb25a75ec1)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/28_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-eEGKGKXeKDDs4VJtgHt4FENFZebuWFIR-0-c4ca711548b31180de123856029145bd)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/29_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-CHHUmnEOQknBnJHaUSfGPTlzHHlX2mY0-0-94fbdf26e316316b560df9227deb99d5)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-BqHvbsjlbdDhPOFWOozPAeVMcwwHGUAJ-0-91042ed0588c9499f2d30f0262f763fe)
1.1.7 常用半导体器件图形符号
(1)二极管图形符号(见表1-13)
表1-13 常用二极管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-CdaA7d8BznF6aeUPYGg3FwfxaQgMTVxJ-0-3f819a458a347eeb6174345945d3dd9b)
(2)晶闸管图形符号(见表1-14)
表1-14 晶闸管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_03.jpg?sign=1739618038-xHOmohS8CrPMuDwQ9CvNOBNJ2v4uA8mE-0-61b638d358688239dd4e6b1c05df43d4)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-pXXfoleYXwhasu0OGeku3o1jciVBAA5W-0-f819cc88089e1a23853d164733b5d048)
(3)晶体管图形符号(见表1-15)
表1-15 晶体管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-9D0i49l4QgnlmQUpylVWLb783EP5YQ4Y-0-89d57b1dada6501437c05e3a9b4d61a8)
(4)光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号(见表1-16)
表1-16 光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-r6sKGTqwyDup306gODJFUOmFvGx6RYVL-0-375e120a96447ca302ed9ffc984c4d81)
1.1.8 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号见表1-17。
表1-17 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-5lbQwWcQAap1TuhuYjRZuhfTACUFzbx8-0-02339785cd2c12d0475fff2a5d32183f)
1.1.9 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号见表1-18。
表1-18 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/33_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-Tn9RT8Xe3ahxo7Zou1fQCB2ZZPgHKOZ7-0-9bb6a8ac297b03b1fcd6ef227cad4929)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-IQzCLVJEk7LqOTc9jqwEXURUlVCa8XDK-0-bc2965a43a35544145e46bae62a02a4b)
1.1.10 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号见表1-19。
表1-19 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-lfAGlsY0VHokuFj7XvtYuCi3LUPW32gX-0-f60289eb3a25098ff1715737938eedf6)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-15V8SFYBw1Xm01lBNF6ufq3Js5UsWsml-0-ffe07963cc3b2d5e3f98f9e8d30d6d6c)
1.1.11 电气图形符号的取向规则
电气图形符号的取向规则见表1-20。
表1-20 电气图形符号的取向规则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_02.jpg?sign=1739618038-ZmNsQUPtwa6n2E6rt8sQYxpcyHOi6kyD-0-bc7af46cd7f89c0fd66afacaad9acb93)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/36_01.jpg?sign=1739618038-DUg5IBgF5OnzuTq3b7WzWrByNHLmHKaR-0-6d8e52518eb562ccadd850dd0eeb0c74)