![1200种多肉植物图鉴](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/556/41733556/b_41733556.jpg)
沙鱼掌属
Gasteria
493.卧牛(Gasteria armstrongii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_5_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-WgsoduSGdceCw0ct1omfRqF23LbuprTc-0-b7771fd87e02e90838b38aba9d67ca08)
冬季盆土保持有潮气。
株高3~5厘米,株幅5~6厘米。叶舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面墨绿色,粗糙,被白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,下垂,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
494.卧牛石化 (Gasteria armstrongii ‘Monstrosus’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_8_m.jpg?sign=1739456391-OiFXD9CsL71o3OKzWBki3aheFGsqFGE9-0-7817f48bb483e720879545d373272736)
春、秋生长期每周浇水1次。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅15厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈不规则叠生,叶面深绿色,新叶被白色小疣,成熟叶较光滑。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
495.美玲子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Albivariegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_4_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-BdrbtZpfpVCEtQreChP9EfUO5uA9zgKc-0-ec45f8b3852a30586c640c93d468f6a7)
换盆时剪除萎缩的枯叶。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶面布满白色斑点,有白色纵向条纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
496.奶油子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_0_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-fAKqeFhbRRlTfxHN7vTV58DGQM2zI307-0-56e035d56c9e87d9dd2495978f514502)
盛夏少浇水,多喷雾。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶片舌状,两侧互生,叶表面有深黄色斑纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
497.子宝锦 (Gasteria gracilis var. minima ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_2_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-3cX61XsK68U3w9pQ21dqh5CvznrZ7gcW-0-401b526c2ea7a4e28bbb1c064b0024fe)
需要明亮的散射光。
株高 3~4 厘米,株幅 12~15厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条斑,厚 5~6 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
498.锦纱子宝 (Gsteria gracilis‘Jinsha Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_7_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-K9FX6WccY6dZvIT2VKKVROMnK4Yzoe0s-0-9e6dcbb2f7eef2cc0b25892f5a1e93f8)
喜通风良好的地方。
植株无茎而且矮小,叶质短而肥厚呈绿色,叶面布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
499.象牙子宝(Gasteria gracilis var.minima‘Variegata ’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_1_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-dUjlNC7YvVGMA2lSWpVNJ1GRt6xgISQX-0-60649522db1b7a0a4238a41665353c6a)
夏季不能暴晒。
植株无茎,群生,叶质短而肥厚,呈二列生长,叶面直立或平行生长。叶面呈绿色,并布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
500.虎子卷锦 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_3_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-IK0iRe13S6hOm9KjmCLFAQGiUPFa93y2-0-da099b19785d32bef8a61e399bfe1abe)
盛夏少浇水。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 20~30 厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色小疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条纹,厚 6~7 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
501.墨鉾 (Gasteria maculata)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_6_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-DoICr1sDf5EdtohKctJK7KoLulteSepG-0-5443ed55f7d4e6548b9ac496ec43ce63)
换盆时将老化植株去掉。
叶舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化,表皮墨绿色,着生不规则的白色斑纹,背部隆起,布满白色斑纹。小花,下垂,粉红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
502.恐龙卧牛 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_3_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-7I1k6Lmi3fiSnZQQnqBBHLm2hddvzd8T-0-c1d0a6e6c730172bce52b98a7ab902da)
休眠期多喷雾。
株高 3~5 厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
503.比兰西卧牛锦 (Gasteria pillansii ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_7_m.jpg?sign=1739456391-IR4VWc0ItNaAyDMgbtRCIGjHWaeOiDL4-0-18030c554604b42fa5554e33861e332d)
夏季光线过强,叶片尖端部易变红。
叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生着白色小疣点,镶嵌有纵向黄色条纹,甚至整叶黄色。花小,筒状,上绿色下橙色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
504.碧琉璃卧牛 (Gasteria armstrongii‘Nudum’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_2_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-lGkDx03l07s4VMnRRyMLVaOrCfepoRXf-0-89592b94cfddeec8c808bb05cb4aabec)
勿使盆土过湿。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈深绿色,无斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
505.春莺啭锦 (Gasteria batesiana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_4_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-fBy6zAQDDkyRL4dcVjlovpcvkbr1Nha1-0-52408064e23cdd9424789b1eca072f2f)
喜阳光充足环境。
叶状如舌形,全缘肉质,株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座型,叶面呈墨绿色,有黄绿色条纹与白色斑点。习性强健,繁殖通常用分株和播种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
506.玛瑙殿 (Gasteria neliana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_9_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-RGO2uA4KTH6vKFTwxx5PqePvGMPejXut-0-4862b869fda652523563b7831c1c2292)
耐干旱和半阴。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,全缘肉质,叶状如舌形。株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座形,叶面呈墨绿色,布满不规则白色斑点与条纹。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
507.巨象 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_0_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-ibxBr3y5eVGrzC4iMhUbrsRMaJXvQORB-0-3b845c20dcb5e44051631423cdec8a66)
刚买回的植株,摆放在阳光充足的地方。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈绿色,布满墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
508.短叶巨象 (Gasteria brevifolia)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_5_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-zHfU5WE2ldEj4VGvtlG2eJ8Ss5TIJaiW-0-3d6ab430d606834b1e6b784e1154ee7d)
生长期盆土保持稍干燥为好。
植株无茎,群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧平行生长。叶面呈墨绿色,叶面布满白色或墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
509.爱勒巨象 (Gasteria pillanii var. ernesti-ruschii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_10_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-VWjsB8PhqrS4XmgJsgKTG2Zj574GiWO0-0-33abd08c9e883612e3ef1a085279c252)
休眠期,少浇水,多喷雾。
叶片舌状,叶面粗糙不平,宽阔肥厚,呈两列叠生,叶面呈深绿色,散生白色小疣,叶端急尖,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
510.暗
牛 (Gasteria carinata var. falcata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_1_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-FtSafMDjtPRYvlwPNhU30m1BLBxi2gGI-0-881710c8f4752ea0098adb9a0c8c73f2)
喜温暖、干燥的环境。
植株无茎群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,二叶对生,后为莲座状。叶面有细凹沟,叶体棱角化。叶面呈墨绿色,并密生白色斑点。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
511.钝叶青龙刀 (Gasteria liliputana)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_6_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-KxiHoAZlKxUvM8QHvQKKJkZI92LBXxrJ-0-fe2775d1f7580478209c7e08fb2ecdbe)
喜疏松、排水透气性良的土壤。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面呈斜直生长。叶面呈深绿色,并布满白色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)
512.沙鱼掌 (Gasteria verrucosa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_8_s.jpg?sign=1739456391-MlxFO8J6C86vJn5MEzWlZBw4IMaitvx4-0-233d5a42349a279f740d0a22edb7705e)
浇水遵循见干见湿原则。
株高20~30厘米,株幅10厘米,无茎。单叶互生,带状,长10~20厘米,先端渐尖,两面具拉拉扯扯色乳状突起;叶面粗糙,肉质。小花筒状,下垂,基部橙红色,先端绿色。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1739456391-pjiPWumF3heRUP5aewCTe5oPVBiI7xHf-0-235011378fdb1934780829579c6dd91b)